ABSTRACT

Substance abuse, defined as the misuse of illegal, prescription, or over-the-counter drugs, is a growing public health and social issue in South-East Nigeria. The increasing prevalence of drug abuse among youths has far-reaching consequences, including health complications, social instability, and economic decline. The phenomenon is exacerbated by factors such as unemployment, peer pressure, family breakdown, and weak law enforcement mechanisms. This paper critically examines the scope, causes, and consequences of drug and substance abuse in South-East Nigeria. It also explores policy responses, intervention strategies, and community based initiatives aimed at curbing the menace. The study highlights the importance of multi stakeholder engagement, including government agencies, religious institutions, and civil society, in addressing the problem. Recommendations include enforcing stricter drug policies, implementing youth empowerment programs, integrating drug education into school curricula, and strengthening family and community support structures.